Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Eimeria. It primarily affects the intestinal tract and is one of the most economically significant diseases in poultry production worldwide.
SYMPTOMS
CAUSES
PREVENTION
TREATMENT
Symptoms
- Chickens:
- Bloody diarrhea
- Decreased feed intake
- Weight loss/poor growth
- Ruffled feathers
- Pale comb and wattles
- Huddling and depression
- Dehydration
- Turkeys:
- Watery/mucoid droppings
- Reduced weight gain
- Lethargy
- Poor feed conversion
- Intestinal inflammation
- Waterfowl:
- Generally more resistant
- Mild diarrhea
- Slight weight loss
- Less severe symptoms
Causes and modes of transmission
- Causative Agent:
- Species-specific Eimeria parasites
- Multiple species affecting different intestinal regions
- Highly resistant oocysts
- Transmission:
- Fecal-oral route
- Contaminated litter
- Equipment and boots
- Wild birds
- Mechanical vectors
Prevention strategies
- Management:
- Proper ventilation
- Avoid overcrowding
- Clean water supply
- All-in-all-out systems
- Medication:
- Anticoccidial programs
- Probiotics programs
- Rotation of medications
Treatment options
- Immediate Action:
- Anticoccidial medication
- Electrolyte supplementation
- Vitamin A supplementation
- Stress reduction
- Supportive Care:
- Clean, dry environment
- Fresh water access
- Balanced nutrition
- Temperature control
Conclusion: Resistance to anticoccidial drugs is an increasing concern, making prevention and management crucial for control.