Duck Viral Enteritis (Duck Plague) is a highly contagious herpesvirus infection affecting waterfowl, caused by Anatid herpesvirus 1. The disease primarily affects ducks, geese, and swans, with mortality rates reaching up to 100% in some outbreaks.
SYMPTOMS
CAUSES
PREVENTION
TREATMENT
Symptoms
- Ducks:
- Sudden death
- Photophobia (light sensitivity)
- Blood-stained droppings
- Nasal discharge
- Loss of appetite
- Ataxia (loss of coordination)
- Reduced egg production
- Males may show penis prolapse
- Geese and Swans:
- Similar symptoms to ducks
- Often more severe manifestations
- Higher mortality rates
- Note: Chickens and turkeys are not susceptible to DVE.
Causes and Transmission
- Viral Characteristics:
- Anatid herpesvirus 1
- Highly resistant in water
- Can survive in carrier birds
- Transmission Routes:
- Direct contact with infected birds
- Contaminated water
- Fecal-oral route
- Mechanical vectors (equipment)
- Carrier birds (recovered animals)
Prevention Strategies
- Biosecurity:
- Isolation of new birds
- Control of wild waterfowl contact
- Proper sanitation protocols
- Restricted access to facilities
- Clean water supply
- Vaccination:
- Live attenuated vaccines
- Strategic vaccination programs
- Regular booster shots
- Management:
- Stress reduction
- Proper stocking density
- Regular health monitoring
- Record keeping
Treatment Options
- Direct Treatment:
- No specific treatment available
- Supportive care only
- Focus on prevention
- Control Measures:
- Immediate isolation of affected birds
- Proper disposal of dead birds
- Thorough cleaning and disinfection
- Movement restrictions
- Notification to authorities
Conclusion: This disease emphasizes the importance of prevention as treatment options are limited once infection occurs.
